Copyright Notice

Copyright © 1996-2011. Robert W. Riley, Jr. All rights reserved.

All information, photos, video, graphics, sounds or other material, (collectively called "content") on this Web site are protected by U.S. copyright and international treaties and may not be copied without the express permission of Robert W. Riley Jr., who reserves all rights. Any use, copying, and/or distribution of information and graphics contained on this web site is strictly prohibited.

NO PORTION OF THE CONTENT ON THIS WEB SITE MAY BE REPRODUCED IN ANY FORM (ELECTRONIC, HARD COPY OR PRINT), OR BY ANY MEANS, WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION FROM ROBERT W. RILEY JR. VISITORS OR USERS ARE NOT PERMITTED TO DISTRIBUTE, PUBLISH, TRANSMIT, MODIFY, OR CREATE DERIVATIVES OF ANY CONTENT FOUND ON THIS SITE FOR ANY PUBLIC OR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES.

The content from our site are available for educational and noncommercial uses only, provided the content are not modified in any way, all copyright and other notices on any copy are retained, and permission is granted by Robert W. Riley Jr. HTML that we create to generate our pages is also covered by our copyright.

Permission to use portions or entire content is granted on a case-by-case basis.

We welcome requests. Please direct your inquiries by:

      • e-mail: riley@mangrove.org

      • Tel: 321-431-6595

      • Postal: mangrove.org, 6001 Highway A1A, Indian River Shores, FL 32963

In quoting our content or referencing site material, we request that you will use it in context, attribute the quote accurately and identify "Robert W. Riley, Jr., mangrove.org", as the source. For reference or footnote, we recommend the following format:

Riley, Jr., Robert W. 1996-2010. mangrove.org. Original Research. World Wide Web URL="http://mangrove.org/".

The following words must appear on all authorized copies of full or partial content used from the Site: "Copyright Robert W. Riley, Jr. All Rights Reserved ". All authorized use of elements featured on the site must contain this information, without alteration or changes of any kind. We reserve the right to take legal action against all copyright infringements to protect our intellectual property.


Copyright
Return to Home Page



Mangroves offer significant and unique habitat to birds, mammals, crustacea, and fish populations through a complex marine food chain, creation of breeding habitat, and establishment of restrictive areas that offer protection for maturing offspring. In addition, mangroves contribute to improved water quality by filtering and assimilating pollutants, stabilizing bottom sediments, and protecting shorelines from erosion."mangrove.org provides methodology and technology in mangrove afforestation, restoration and habitat creation. The organization contributes to solutions for poverty, hunger, environmental degradation and pollution. Mangroves provide an opportunity to develop a sustainable economic base for indigenous populations where basic natural resources are scarce. From an abundance of sand and salt water, mangroves feed livestock that supply milk and protein vital to native coastal inhabitants. Mangroves planted in non-native environments offset the ongoing deforestation and other anthropogenic factors that result in global ecological degradation.
Research was undertaken to develop and define a methodology for establishing reproductively mature, self-sustaining, mangrove-stabilized shorelines.
Photos and video clips illustrate mangroves planted with Riley Encased Methodology (REM) for shoreline stabilization and erosion control. Articles published in peer review journals include mangrove habitat creation and restoration as-well-as large scale mangrove afforestation with humanitarian goals. Photos include mature mangroves planted with REM showing the various stages of mangrove plant development from isolation through the adaptation process (videos require RealPlayer software). Ecology travel or ecotravel and ecotourism is offered in the environmentally rich mangroves of Playa Palo Seco, Costa Rica. Opportunities to participate in mangrove habitat creation and restoration projects is also offered in Palo Seco, on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Information on habitat dynamics and the ecological importance of mangroves is provided with links to mangrove planting projects. Empirical evidence of mangroves and mangrove forests created with REM methodology and technology are described with accompanying photographic evidence. A brief summary of the Mangrove Replenishment Initiative is given in Spanish.