The destruction of mangrove swamps continues to take place in many parts of the world under a variety of economic as-well-as political motives. In some areas, mangroves are protected by law but a lack of enforcement coupled with the economic incentive to reclaim land results in deliberate destruction.  

 
This red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) swamp was poisoned by an "accidental" fuel spill. Since the mangrove ecosystem is no longer functional the property owner is now able to fill and reclaim the land under governmental jurisdiction.



Photos were taken during a site visit by Bob Riley in 1999, while working on restoration projects in the caribbean.